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Bohemiansprincipality became a part ofGreat Moravia, and then an independentDuchy of Bohemia, which became akingdomin theHoly Roman Empire. This subsequently became a part of theHabsburg monarchyand theAustrian Empire.[5]AfterWorld War Iand the establishment of anindependent Czechoslovak state, the whole of Bohemia became a part ofCzechoslovakia, defying claims of the German-speaking inhabitants that regions with German-speaking majority should be included in theRepublic of German-Austria. Between 1938 and 1945, these border regions were annexed toNazi Germanyas theSudetenland.[6]
The remainder of Czech territory became theSecond Czechoslovak Republicand was subsequently occupied as theProtectorate of Bohemia and Moraviauntil the end of World War II, after which Bohemia became part of the restored Czechoslovakia. In 1968, the Czech lands (including Bohemia) were invaded by Warsaw Pact troops sent by the Soviet Union and stayed under occupation as theCzech Socialist Republicuntil theVelvet Revolutionin 1989. In 1990, the name was changed to theCzech Republic, which became a separate state in 1993 with thebreakup of Czechoslovakia.[6]
Until 1948, Bohemia was an administrative unit of Czechoslovakia as one of its \"lands\" (země).[7]Since then, administrative reforms have replaced self-governing lands with a modified system of \"regions\" (kraje), which do not follow the borders of the historical Czech lands (or the regions from the 1960 and 2000 reforms).[7]However, the three lands are mentioned in the preamble of theConstitution of the Czech Republic: \"We, citizens of the Czech Republic in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia...\"[8]
